Method for performing micro-perimetry exams based on a retinal volume image and a well registered fundus image

ABSTRACT

A method of performing a retinal examination is described wherein perimetry points are selected in three dimensional imaging data of the retinal tissue. The corresponding points in register with these perimetry points are mapped to an en-face image. These corresponding points are used as stimulus locations for a micro-perimetry examination.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the field of ophthalmogical diagnostic testing, and in particular to a method of performing micro-perimetry.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Micro-perimetry is a well known diagnostic test used in ophthalmology for testing a patient's visual function. Stimuli are presented to a region of interest in order to test its optical responsiveness. All micro-perimetry tests are based on some sort of fundus image either from a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO), fundus video camera or some other similar technology. The fundus of an eye is the interior surface of the eye, opposite the lens, and includes the retina, optic disc, macula, and posterior pole.

Using a fundus image the operator can place either standard perimetry patterns or manually created perimetry patterns. When attempting to test visual function the operator can use the fundus image to place perimetry points around what can be seen as potential problem areas. This technique is extremely limited in that many pathologies are not visible in a fundus image; instead the pathology may only be visible when a volume of retinal tissue is imaged, that is the retinal tissue is viewed in section.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, three-dimensional volume imaging information obtained using three dimensional imaging equipment is scanned by the operator to select points of interest. The corresponding points are then mapped to a corresponding en-face image of the fundus or regions of interest. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is ideally suited for gathering this type of volume information. However, any other technology that can gather retinal volume information can be used; for example MRI would also work.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a scanning technique can be used to gather reasonably dense retinal tissue information. OCT is described, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,769,769, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference, and permits a three dimensional image of the retina of the eye to be obtained.

Micro-perimetry needs some sort of fundus image in order to track patient eye movement so stimulus presentation is consistently located in the same location. After the operator has looked through the volume information to find points of interest to test with micro-perimetry and selected these areas of interest in the retinal volume image, and then mapped these point to corresponding locations on the fundus, the micro-perimetry examination can begin. To do this a fundus image that is aligned perfectly, or at least very well, with underlying retinal volume image is required. The mapping can be performed automatically by the computer or manually by the operator.

A fundus photo or fundus video image would work well for this. An SLO image from a combined SLO-OCT machine would be ideal for its high detail and nearly automatic registration to a retinal volume OCT image.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a dual SLO/OCT image showing volume information together with an overlying fundus image; and

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustration the operation of the method in accordance with the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 shows an en-face image of the fundus of an eye, with sectional images obtained by OCT shown beside and below the en-face image. The image to the right is a cross section taken along the vertical axis, and the image below is a cross section taken along the horizontal axis. Such an image can be displayed on the display screen of OCT equipment.

In the case of SLO/OCT apparatus, the en-face image is obtained using SLO (scanning laser ophthalmoscope), whereas the sectional images are obtained by OCT.

In operation, the operator looks at the sectional OCT images to the right and below the main image to find points of interest, for example, particular points where some pathological condition may be noted. He or she then selects these points, for example, by pointing to them and clicking with a mouse. The computer forming part of the OCT equipment then automatically places marks (indicated by an X) at these points in the sectional images, and makes corresponding points appear on the en-face fundus image. This can be achieved with a computer in standard OCT/SLO equipment, for example the dual OCT/SLO analyzer sold by Ophthalmic Technologies Inc (OTI).

FIG. 2 illustrates the steps involved in performing a micro-perimetry examination. At step 10, the operator creates an SLO en-face image of the retina using the dual OCT/SLO equipment. At step 12, the operator uses the mouse to locate the section lines on the en-face image. The dual OCT equipment then shows a corresponding sectional view alongside the en-face image. The vertical section is shown to the right and the horizontal section is shown below. Moving the mouse moves the section lines horizontally and vertically over the image.

At step 14, the operator views the corresponding OCT images in alignment with the en-face image to look for points of interest. At step 16, the operators then moves the section lines, looking at the corresponding sectional images, to identify additional points of interest, marking the points on the en-face image so that they are mapped to the points identified on the sectional images.

At step 18, the operator then performs a conventional perimetry test be presenting stimuli to the points that have been identified as being of interest on the en-face image, using the sectional images.

In alternative embodiment, the operator may map the points in the sectional images manually to the corresponding points in the en-face image.

The operator then uses the perimetry marks surrounding the region of interest in the en-face image as a basis for performing a standard perimetry test. 

1. A method of performing a retinal examination wherein perimetry points are selected in three dimensional imaging data of the retinal tissue, and corresponding points in register with these perimetry points are mapped to an en-face image, and these corresponding points are used as stimulus locations for a micro-perimetry examination.
 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the perimetry points are identified in sectional images of the retinal tissue.
 3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sectional images are produced from volume information obtained by an instrument capable of capturing high resolution three dimensional images of tissue.
 4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the instrument is selected from the group consisting of OCT and MRI.
 5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the en-face image is obtained using an SLO (Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope).
 6. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the operator marks said perimetry points in said sectional images, and said corresponding points automatically appear on the enface image in order to identify said stimulus locations for said micro-perimetry examination.
 7. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the operator marks said perimetry points in said sectional images, and then places corresponding points manually on the en-face image in order to identify said stimulus locations for said micro-perimetry examination.
 8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the enface image is a fundus image obtained for the portion of the retina above the area from which the volume data was taken.
 9. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operator scans through the three-dimensional imaging information and locates positions in the retinal tissue which should have perimetry stimuli presented to them.
 10. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fundus image is either automatically or manually aligned with the retinal volume such that positions can be mapped to retinal locations on the fundus image.
 11. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fundus image with the stimuli points mapped in from the volume information is used to initiate a micro-perimetry test. 